臭氧用于糧食儲存
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Update time : 2023-08-17
臭氧用于糧食儲存
與昆蟲、害蟲、嚙齒動物和真菌等生物有關或由這些生物造成的糧食儲存損失，以及溫度或濕度等物理而非生物因素造成的糧食儲存損失，導致全球糧食儲存損失超過8000萬公噸。大多數時候，磷化鋁被用于熏蒸，盡管它可能是危險的。此外，昆蟲和害蟲已經對磷化氫產生了抗性。其他熏蒸劑，如羰基硫化物、甲酸乙酯、氰化氫、碘化甲酯和環氧丙烷的成本高于磷化氫(Singh和Sharma 2015)。另一方面，一些研究表明，臭氧在處理谷物方面是有效的，其優點是在適當控制劑量和暴露時間的情況下不影響其質量。
臭氧作為儲藏產品害蟲熏蒸劑的替代選擇
臭氧氣體已被成功地用作儲藏產品防蟲的替代熏蒸劑。使用臭氧作為商業熏蒸劑的綠色替代品的各種工作已經進行了研究。
臭氧處理在臭氧濃度和暴露時間方面對選定糧食和昆蟲熏蒸的影響總結如下表。
| Target | Concentration/exposure time | Significant results | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Adults of Callosobruchus maculates and C. Chinensis L | 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 1.5 and 2 g/m3; 1, 3, 5 and 7 days | C. maculates – 100% at 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 g/m3 for 7 days & C. Chinensis – 100% at all concentration | (Gad et al.2021) |
| Adult, larva, pupa, and eggs of Callosobruchus maculatus | 500-1500 ppm; Adults – 120 to 270 minutes; Larvae – 540 to 1110 minutes; Pupae – 480 to 1230 minutes; Eggs – 660 and 1500 minutes | Adult – 100% at 150, 180, 240, and 270 minutes; Larvae – 100 % at 540, 660, 870, 1110 minutes; Pupae- 480, 570, 690, 990, 1230 minutes; Egg- 660 minutes | (Ravi Pandiselvam et al. 2019) |
| Tribolium castaneum, Oryzaephilus surinamensis Sitophilus zeamais Sitophilus oryzae | 200 ppm; 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 10, and 12 hour assessed for 5 days | 100% – Sitophilus spp, O. Surinamensis. 90% – T. castaneum | (Xinyi, Subramanyam, and Li 2017) |
| Rhyzopertha dominica adults | 40.42 and 0.84 g/m3; 0.42 g/m3 – 36 hours, 0.84 g/m3 – 30 hours for 5 days | 99% | (Subramanyam et al. 2017b) |
| Eupteryx Decemnotata | 120 and 595 ppm; 2 and 10 minutes | 120 ppm for 2 minutes- 33.88 to 71.90% 595 ppm for 10 minutes – 70.24 to 91.66% | (Kopacki et al. 2017) |
| Adult, larva, pupa, and eggs of Lasioderma serricorne (F) | 150, 250, 350, and 450 ppm; Larva- 609.37, 544.90, 496.64 and 187.20 minutes Pupae – 628.80, 581.64, 522.78, and 429.33 minutes Adult – 745.33, 610.18, 544.98, and 422.98 minutes | 99% | (Anandakumar, Shubhashini, et al. 2016) |
| Adult, larva, and pupa of Stegobium paniceum L. (Drugstore beetle) | 150, 250 and 350 ppm; Adult – 50.8, 24.08, and 18.46 hours Pupa – 10.95,7.93 and 6.42 hours Larva – 3.84, 12.08, 10.5, and 9.34 hours. | 100% – Adults and 99% – larva and pupa. | (Anandakumar, Singh, et al. 2016) |
| Ephestia castella– larva | 22 ppm; 24 hours | 100% | (Husain et al. 2015) |
| Adults of Oryzaephilus surinamensis L., larvae of Ephestia kuehniella Zeller | 2, 3 and 5 ppm; 15, 30, 45, 60, and 90 minutes | 100% at 5ppm for 90 minutes | (Sadeghi, Mirabi Moghaddam, and Taghizadeh 2017) |
Source (Boopathy et al. 2022)
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